Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Updates and Preparedness

Brief Summary
Background: The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in September, 2012. Since then, as of January 8, 2014, a total of 177 cases from eleven countries have been reported to the World Health Organization (WHO), and 74 (40%) of these cases have been fatal. Twenty spatiotemporal clusters have been reported and all cases have been directly or indirectly linked through travel to or residence in six countries: Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). There is clear evidence of person-to-person transmission; clusters of confirmed cases have been associated with family and healthcare settings. However, there is currently no evidence of sustained community transmission. . The transmission source for this virus is unknown, however, similar genetic sequences have been identified in bat and dromedary camel specimens. Camel sera from multiple countries have been shown to contain neutralizing antibodies to MERS-CoV. The United States (US) has prepared by developing diagnostic assays and disseminating them to laboratories, formulating guidance for healthcare providers and state and local health departments, and providing information to travelers. No cases of MERS-CoV have been identified in the US and 145 patients have been tested for evidence of MERS-CoV. Methods: The objective is to discuss recent scientific findings and update the US public health community about MERS-CoV in order to prepare for the possibility of introduction of cases and help facilitate timely identification of cases to prevent further transmission. Results: Recent epidemiologic and laboratory investigations will be discussed. A description of the US response to MERS-CoV will be discussed, including most recent CDC guidance. In addition, an epidemiologic tool kit that could potentially be used during an investigation of a first US case will be described. Dr. Gerber will describe current epidemiology and laboratory information. Dr. Swerdlow will describe preparedness and the potential US response to a case or cluster of MERS-CoV cases. Conclusion: This session will provide updated information about MERS-CoV. Discussion of up to date information regarding MERS-CoV will help prepare the US public health community to respond in the event of importation of MERS-CoV.